Add Docker configuration for developers

Закрыто xottab-duty запросил слияние github/fork/TmLev/feat-docker в xd_dev

Created by: TmLev

This pull request aims to:

  • Provide Docker image with all the necessary tools and libraries.
  • Add handy scripts.
  • Make cross-platform development with the use of CLion possible.

Will add detailed instructions if anyone is interested.