README.md 10,2 КБ
Newer Older
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
1
2
---
comments: false
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
3
description: "Learn how to use GitLab CI/CD, the GitLab built-in Continuous Integration, Continuous Deployment, and Continuous Delivery toolset to build, test, and deploy your application."
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
4
type: index
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
5
6
---

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
7
# GitLab CI/CD
Douwe Maan's avatar
Douwe Maan включено в состав коммита
8

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
9
10
GitLab CI/CD is a tool built into GitLab for software development
through the [continuous methodologies](introduction/index.md#introduction-to-cicd-methodologies):
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
11

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
12
13
14
- Continuous Integration (CI)
- Continuous Delivery (CD)
- Continuous Deployment (CD)
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
15

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
16
## Overview
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
17

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Continuous Integration works by pushing small code chunks to your
application's code base hosted in a Git repository, and, to every
push, run a pipeline of scripts to build, test, and validate the
code changes before merging them into the main branch.

Continuous Delivery and Deployment consist of a step further CI,
deploying your application to production at every
push to the default branch of the repository.

These methodologies allow you to catch bugs and errors early in
the development cycle, ensuring that all the code deployed to
production complies with the code standards you established for
your app.

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
32
33
For a complete overview of these methodologies and GitLab CI/CD,
read the [Introduction to CI/CD with GitLab](introduction/index.md).
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
34

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
35
36
<i class="fa fa-youtube-play youtube" aria-hidden="true"></i>
For a video demonstration of GitLab CI/CD, see [Demo: CI/CD with GitLab](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1iXFbchozdY).
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65

## Getting started

GitLab CI/CD is configured by a file called `.gitlab-ci.yml` placed
at the repository's root. The scripts set in this file are executed
by the [GitLab Runner](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/).

To get started with GitLab CI/CD, we recommend you read through
the following documents:

- [How GitLab CI/CD works](introduction/index.md#how-gitlab-cicd-works).
- [GitLab CI/CD basic workflow](introduction/index.md#basic-cicd-workflow).
- [Step-by-step guide for writing `.gitlab-ci.yml` for the first time](../user/project/pages/getting_started_part_four.md).

You can also get started by using one of the
[`.gitlab-ci.yml` templates](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/tree/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates)
available through the UI. You can use them by creating a new file,
choosing a template that suits your application, and adjusting it
to your needs:

![Use a .gitlab-ci.yml template](img/add_file_template_11_10.png)

For a broader overview, see the [CI/CD getting started](quick_start/README.md) guide.

Once you're familiar with how GitLab CI/CD works, see the
[`. gitlab-ci.yml` full reference](yaml/README.md)
for all the attributes you can set and use.

NOTE: **Note:**
Marcel Amirault's avatar
Marcel Amirault включено в состав коммита
66
GitLab CI/CD and [shared runners](runners/README.md#shared-specific-and-group-runners) are enabled in GitLab.com and available for all users, limited only to the [user's pipelines quota](../user/admin_area/settings/continuous_integration.md#extra-shared-runners-pipeline-minutes-quota).
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
67

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
68
## Configuration
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
69
70
71

GitLab CI/CD supports numerous configuration options:

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
72
73
| Configuration | Description  |
|:--------------|:-------------|
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
| [Pipelines](pipelines.md) | Structure your CI/CD process through pipelines. |
| [Environment variables](variables/README.md) | Reuse values based on a variable/value key pair. |
| [Environments](environments.md) | Deploy your application to different environments (e.g., staging, production). |
| [Job artifacts](../user/project/pipelines/job_artifacts.md) | Output, use, and reuse job artifacts. |
| [Cache dependencies](caching/index.md) | Cache your dependencies for a faster execution. |
| [Schedule pipelines](../user/project/pipelines/schedules.md) | Schedule pipelines to run as often as you need. |
| [Custom path for `.gitlab-ci.yml`](../user/project/pipelines/settings.md#custom-ci-config-path) | Define a custom path for the CI/CD configuration file. |
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
81
| [Git submodules for CI/CD](git_submodules.md) | Configure jobs for using Git submodules.|
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
| [SSH keys for CI/CD](ssh_keys/README.md) | Using SSH keys in your CI pipelines. |
| [Pipelines triggers](triggers/README.md) | Trigger pipelines through the API. |
| [Integrate with Kubernetes clusters](../user/project/clusters/index.md) | Connect your project to Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) or an existing Kubernetes cluster. |
| [GitLab Runner](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/) | Configure your own GitLab Runners to execute your scripts. |
| [Optimize GitLab and Runner for large repositories](large_repositories/index.md) | Recommended strategies for handling large repos. |
| [`.gitlab-ci.yml` full reference](yaml/README.md) | All the attributes you can use with GitLab CI/CD. |

Note that certain operations can only be performed according to the
[user](../user/permissions.md#gitlab-cicd-permissions) and [job](../user/permissions.md#job-permissions) permissions.

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
92
## Feature set
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
93

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
94
95
Use the vast GitLab CI/CD to easily configure it for specific purposes.
Its feature set is listed on the table below according to DevOps stages.
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
96
97

| Feature | Description |
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
98
99
|:--------|:------------|
| **Configure** ||
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
100
| [Auto DevOps](../topics/autodevops/index.md) | Set up your app's entire lifecycle. |
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
101
102
103
| [ChatOps](chatops/README.md) | Trigger CI jobs from chat, with results sent back to the channel. |
|---+---|
| **Verify** ||
Marcel Amirault's avatar
Marcel Amirault включено в состав коммита
104
| [Browser Performance Testing](../user/project/merge_requests/browser_performance_testing.md) | Quickly determine the performance impact of pending code changes. |
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
105
| [CI services](services/README.md) | Link Docker containers with your base image.|
Marcel Amirault's avatar
Marcel Amirault включено в состав коммита
106
107
| [Code Quality](../user/project/merge_requests/code_quality.md) **[STARTER]** | Analyze your source code quality. |
| [GitLab CI/CD for external repositories](ci_cd_for_external_repos/index.md) **[PREMIUM]** | Get the benefits of GitLab CI/CD combined with repositories in GitHub and BitBucket Cloud. |
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
108
109
110
111
112
113
| [Interactive Web Terminals](interactive_web_terminal/index.md) **[CORE ONLY]** | Open an interactive web terminal to debug the running jobs. |
| [JUnit tests](junit_test_reports.md) | Identify script failures directly on merge requests. |
| [Using Docker images](docker/using_docker_images.md) | Use GitLab and GitLab Runner with Docker to build and test applications. |
|---+---|
| **Release** ||
| [Auto Deploy](../topics/autodevops/index.md#auto-deploy) | Deploy your application to a production environment in a Kubernetes cluster. |
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
114
| [Building Docker images](docker/using_docker_build.md) | Maintain Docker-based projects using GitLab CI/CD. |
Marcel Amirault's avatar
Marcel Amirault включено в состав коммита
115
116
117
| [Canary Deployments](../user/project/canary_deployments.md) **[PREMIUM]** | Ship features to only a portion of your pods and let a percentage of your user base to visit the temporarily deployed feature. |
| [Deploy Boards](../user/project/deploy_boards.md) **[PREMIUM]** | Check the current health and status of each CI/CD environment running on Kubernetes. |
| [Feature Flags](../user/project/operations/feature_flags.md) **[PREMIUM]** | Deploy your features behind Feature Flags. |
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
118
119
120
| [GitLab Pages](../user/project/pages/index.md) | Deploy static websites. |
| [GitLab Releases](../user/project/releases/index.md) | Add release notes to Git tags. |
| [Review Apps](review_apps/index.md) | Configure GitLab CI/CD to preview code changes. |
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
121
122
|---+---|
| **Secure** ||
Marcel Amirault's avatar
Marcel Amirault включено в состав коммита
123
124
125
126
| [Container Scanning](../user/application_security/container_scanning/index.md) **[ULTIMATE]** | Check your Docker containers for known vulnerabilities.|
| [Dependency Scanning](../user/application_security/dependency_scanning/index.md) **[ULTIMATE]** | Analyze your dependencies for known vulnerabilities. |
| [License Management](../user/application_security/license_management/index.md) **[ULTIMATE]** | Search your project dependencies for their licenses. |
| [Security Test reports](../user/project/merge_requests/index.md#security-reports-ultimate) **[ULTIMATE]** | Check for app vulnerabilities. |
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
127

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
128
## Examples
Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
129

Mike Lewis's avatar
Mike Lewis включено в состав коммита
130
131
Find example project code and tutorials for using GitLab CI/CD with a variety of app frameworks, languages, and platforms
on the [CI Examples](examples/README.md) page.
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
132

Mike Lewis's avatar
Mike Lewis включено в состав коммита
133
GitLab also provides [example projects](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples) pre-configured to use GitLab CI/CD.
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
134

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
135
## Administration **[CORE ONLY]**
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
136

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
137
138
As a GitLab administrator, you can change the default behavior
of GitLab CI/CD for:
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147

- An [entire GitLab instance](../user/admin_area/settings/continuous_integration.md).
- Specific projects, using [pipelines settings](../user/project/pipelines/settings.md).

See also:

- [How to enable or disable GitLab CI/CD](enable_or_disable_ci.md).
- Other [CI administration settings](../administration/index.md#continuous-integration-settings).

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
148
## References
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
149

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
150
### Why GitLab CI/CD?
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
151

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
152
153
The following articles explain reasons to use GitLab CI/CD
for your CI/CD infrastructure:
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
154

Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
155
156
- [Why we chose GitLab CI for our CI/CD solution](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/10/17/gitlab-ci-oohlala/)
- [Building our web-app on GitLab CI](https://about.gitlab.com/2016/07/22/building-our-web-app-on-gitlab-ci/)
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
157
158

See also the [Why CI/CD?](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1OGgk2Tcxbpl7DJaIOzCX4Vqg3dlwfELC3u2jEeCBbDk) presentation.
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
159

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
160
### Breaking changes
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
161

Marcia Ramos's avatar
Marcia Ramos включено в состав коммита
162
163
As GitLab CI/CD has evolved, certain breaking changes have
been necessary. These are:
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
164

Steve Azzopardi's avatar
Steve Azzopardi включено в состав коммита
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
#### 12.0

- [Use refspec to clone/fetch git
  repository](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/issues/4069).
- [Old cache
  configuration](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/issues/4070).
- [Old metrics server
  configuration](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/issues/4072).
- [Remove
  `FF_K8S_USE_ENTRYPOINT_OVER_COMMAND`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/issues/4073).
- [Remove Linux distributions that reach
  EOL](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/merge_requests/1130).
- [Update command line API for helper
  images](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/issues/4013).
- [Remove old `git clean`
  flow](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/issues/4175).

#### 11.0

- No breaking changes.

#### 10.0

- No breaking changes.

#### 9.0

Marcel Amirault's avatar
Marcel Amirault включено в состав коммита
192
- [CI variables renaming for GitLab 9.0](variables/deprecated_variables.md#gitlab-90-renamed-variables). Read about the
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
193
  deprecated CI variables and what you should use for GitLab 9.0+.
Evan Read's avatar
Evan Read включено в состав коммита
194
195
- [New CI job permissions model](../user/project/new_ci_build_permissions_model.md).
  See what changed in GitLab 8.12 and how that affects your jobs.
Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar
Achilleas Pipinellis включено в состав коммита
196
  There's a new way to access your Git submodules and LFS objects in jobs.